CentOS+nginx+uwsgi+Python 多站點環(huán)境搭建
環(huán)境：
CentOS X64 6.4
nginx 1.5.6
Python 2.7.5
一：安裝需要的類庫及Python2.7.5
安裝必要的開發(fā)包
yum groupinstall "Development tools" yum install zlib-devel bzip2-devel pcre-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel read LINE -devel tk-devel
CentOS 自帶Python2.6.6，但我們可以再安裝Python2.7.5：
cd ~ wget http://python.org/ftp/python/2.7.5/Python-2.7.5.tar.bz2 tar xvf Python-2.7.5.tar.bz2 cd Python-2.7.5 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local make && make altinstall
安裝完畢后，可是使用”python2.7”命令進入python2.7的環(huán)境。
二：安裝Python包管理
easy_install包 https://pypi.python.org/pypi/distribute
方便安裝Python的開發(fā)包
cd ~ wget https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/d/distribute/distribute-0.6.49.tar.gz tar xf distribute-0.6.49.tar.gz cd distribute-0.6.49 python2.7 setup.py install easy_install --version
紅色部分必須是“python2.7”，否則將安裝到默認的2.6環(huán)境內(nèi)。
pip包 https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pip
安裝pip的好處是可以pip list、pip uninstall 管理Python包， easy_install沒有這個功能，只有uninstall
easy_install pip pip --version
三：安裝uwsgi
uwsgi:https://pypi.python.org/pypi/uWSGI
uwsgi參數(shù)詳解：http://uwsgi-docs.readthedocs.org/en/latest/Options.html
pip install uwsgi uwsgi --version
測試uwsgi是否正常：
新建test.py文件，內(nèi)容如下：
def application(env, start_response):
start_response('200 OK', [('Content-Type','text/html')])
return "Hello World"
然后在終端運行：
uwsgi --http :8001 --wsgi-file test.py
在瀏覽器內(nèi)輸入：http://127.0.0.1:8001，看是否有“Hello World”輸出，若沒有輸出，請檢查你的安裝過程。
四：安裝django
pip install django
測試django是否正常，運行：
django-admin.py startproject demosite cd demosite python2.7 manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8002
在瀏覽器內(nèi)輸入：http://127.0.0.1:8002，檢查django是否運行正常。
五：安裝nginx
cd ~ wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.5.6.tar.gz tar xf nginx-1.5.6.tar.gz cd nginx-1.5.6 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx-1.5.6 \ --with-http_stub_status_module \ --with-http_gzip_static_module make && make install
六：配置uwsgi
uwsgi支持ini、xml等多種配置方式，但個人感覺ini更方便：
在/ect/目錄下新建uwsgi9090.ini，添加如下配置：
[uwsgi] socket = 127.0.0.1:9090 master = true //主進程 vhost = true //多站模式 no-stie = true //多站模式時不設(shè)置入口模塊和文件 workers = 2 //子進程數(shù) reload-mercy = 10 vacuum = true //退出、重啟時清理文件 max-requests = 1000 limit-as = 512 buffer-sizi = 30000 pidfile = /var/run/uwsgi9090.pid //pid文件，用于下面的腳本啟動、停止該進程 daemonize = /website/uwsgi9090.log
設(shè)置uwsgi開機啟動，在/ect/init.d/目錄下新建uwsgi9090文件，內(nèi)容如下：
#! /bin/sh
# chkconfig: 2345 55 25
# Description: Startup script for uwsgi webserver on Debian. Place in /etc/init.d and
# run 'update-rc.d -f uwsgi defaults', or use the appropriate command on your
# distro. For CentOS/Redhat run: 'chkconfig --add uwsgi'
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: uwsgi
# Required-Start: $all
# Required-Stop: $all
# Default-Start: 2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop: 0 1 6
# Short-Description: starts the uwsgi web server
# Description: starts uwsgi using start-stop-daemon
### END INIT INFO
# Author: licess
# website: http://lnmp.org
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
DESC="uwsgi daemon"
NAME=uwsgi9090
DAEMON=/usr/local/bin/uwsgi
CONFIGFILE=/etc/$NAME.ini
PIDFILE=/var/run/$NAME.pid
SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$NAME
set -e
[ -x "$DAEMON" ] || exit 0
do_start() {
$DAEMON $CONFIGFILE || echo -n "uwsgi already running"
}
do_stop() {
$DAEMON --stop $PIDFILE || echo -n "uwsgi not running"
rm -f $PIDFILE
echo "$DAEMON STOPED."
}
do_reload() {
$DAEMON --reload $PIDFILE || echo -n "uwsgi can't reload"
}
do_status() {
ps aux|grep $DAEMON
}
case "$1" in
status)
echo -en "Status $NAME: \n"
do_status
;;
start)
echo -en "Starting $NAME: \n"
do_start
;;
stop)
echo -en "Stopping $NAME: \n"
do_stop
;;
reload|graceful)
echo -en "Reloading $NAME: \n"
do_reload
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|reload}" >&2
exit 3
;;
esac
exit 0
然后在終端執(zhí)行：
-- 添加服務(wù) chkconfig --add uwsgi9090 -- 設(shè)置開機啟動 chkconfig uwsgi9090 on
七：設(shè)置nginx
找到nginx的安裝目錄，打開conf/nginx.conf文件，修改server配置
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
location / {
include uwsgi_params;
uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9090; //必須和uwsgi中的設(shè)置一致
uwsgi_param UWSGI_SCRIPT demosite.wsgi; //入口文件，即wsgi.py相對于項目根目錄的位置，“.”相當于一層目錄
uwsgi_param UWSGI_CHDIR /demosite; //項目根目錄
index index.html index.htm;
client_max_body_size 35m;
}
}
設(shè)置nginx開機啟動，在/ect/init.d/目錄下新建nginx文件，內(nèi)容如下：
#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
# proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config: /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network
# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0
nginx="/opt/nginx-1.5.6/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)
NGINX_CONF_FILE="/opt/nginx-1.5.6/conf/nginx.conf"
[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx
lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx
start() {
[ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
[ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
return $retval
}
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc $prog -QUIT
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
return $retval
}
restart() {
configtest || return $?
stop
sleep 1
start
}
reload() {
configtest || return $?
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc $nginx -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
}
force_reload() {
restart
}
configtest() {
$nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}
rh_status() {
status $prog
}
rh_status_q() {
rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}
case "$1" in
start)
rh_status_q && exit 0
$1
;;
stop)
rh_status_q || exit 0
$1
;;
restart|configtest)
$1
;;
reload)
rh_status_q || exit 7
$1
;;
force-reload)
force_reload
;;
status)
rh_status
;;
condrestart|try-restart)
rh_status_q || exit 0
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|f 關(guān)鍵詞：CentOS,nginx,uwsgi,Python
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